History

The Cross of Valour was established on May 1, 1972, to replace the Order of Canada's Medal of Courage. The Cross is conferred upon Canadians and foreign citizens in recognition of extraordinary acts of courage within severely dangerous circumstances. It is the second highest National honour.

The Cross of Valour is a four limbed cross rendered in gold. The obverse is enamelled in red and edged with gold, featuring a gold maple leaf and wreath of laurel. The reverse features the Cypher of the reigning Canadian Sovereign, inscribed with “VALOUR VAILLANCE” and the recipient's name and date of their act of bravery. The Cross is suspended from a crimson ribbon, worn on the left chest. The Cross is worn on a bow ribbon when it is awarded to women.

The Cross may be awarded in acknowledgement of acts of courage outside Canadian borders if they were in the interest of Canada and its citizens. If a recipient is awarded the cross on more than one occasion, they are conferred a gold maple leaf on the largest suspension ring.